Refrigerating apparatus



Nov. 5, 1935. A. BIKKERS 2,020,232

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed May 9, 1934 veA/ Patented Nov. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT Alexander Bi This invention rel OFFICE 2,020,232 'REFRIGERATING APPARATUS assignor t Athano, Schevening'en of the Netherlands.

2 Claims.

ates to refrigerating appan which the refrigerant, for instance ammonia, in various states of aggregation performs or gas expeller, a con an absorber.

In known apparatus of in the boiler has a relativ as the pipe, through which by gravity to the absorber, cation with the vapour spa first said feature has the vapours flowing to the con but in view of the sai the overflow pipe with gas expeller it has the ing the ebullition the'l boiler is raised only th that the static pressure culation of liquid betwe hardly sufficient.

It has been suggested to venience by submitting the to a further heating ing pipe opening int gas expeller. liquor to be lifted to a hi I suring a rapid circulatio other elements of th inc 0 the in the ascending pipe r a cycle through a boiler denser, an evaporator and this kind the liquor ely large surface, whered direct communication of the vapour space of the onvenience that durevel of the liquor in the rough a small height, so for maintaining the ciren boiler and absorber is avoid the said inconliquor from the boiler action in a narrow ascendvapo-ur space of the This construction, while allowing gher level and thus enof liquid through the e apparatus by differences of level, has the serious drawback that the very violent boiling liquid each the condenser.

Moreover, the relatively high temperature required for further degasific the ascendinglpipe may, in

ourably affect the compositi drawback, it has been In order to obviate said suggested to connect the the absorber in such a ma from said pipe can flow int ation of the liquor in the long run, unfav-' on of the refrigerant.

ascending pipe with nner that no vapours o the condenser.

My present invention has for its object to still further improve refrigerating apparatus of last said type, and'more particularly to ensure a still higher lift of the liquor level in the pipe. With this object in ascending view, the lower end of the ascending pipe opens into a' reservoir adapted to be heated and and preferably placed inside the communicating with, boiler, whereas a conduit is provided through which part of' the liquor returning from boiler can be bye-passed to be understood that the wor to be construed in its widest is intended to also include, flare or funnel.

the absorber to the said reservoir. It will reservoir here is sense, and that it forinstance, a simple kkers, Schcveningen, o N. V. N

In my novel construction, the liquid 'in the reservoir will have substantially the same temperatur'e as that in the gasexpeller, but as its concentration, owing to thedirect inflow of rich liquor from the absorber, is much higher, a violent ebullition will take place therein, so that the liquor in the ascending pipe can be lifted to an exceptionally high level. Nevertheless, it is impossible for wet vapours to reach the condenser, since the ascending pipe does not open into the 10 vapour space of the boiler.

Preferably, a separating chamber will be interposed, in a manner known per se, in the conduit between the ascending pipe and the absorber, in order to separate the (wet) refrigerant va- 15 pours from the absorption liquid. In that case the vapour space of said chamber may, in accordance with the invention, be connected with the liquor return pipe before the point of entry of the aforesaid bye-pass. Thereby, the concen- 20 tration of the bye-passed liquor and, consequently, that of the liquor in the reservoir is still further increased.

The annexed diagrammatic drawing illustrates, by way of example only, a refrigerating apparatus in accordance with the invention.

In this drawing, I. is the boiler, 2 a tube fitted within the boilerand adapted to be heated, for instance, by an electric heating element not shown. Near its top, the boiler I is connected through a tube 3 with the condenser 4, which in turn communicates'with the evaporator 6 by means of a pipe 5. The evaporator 6 is connected by a tube I with the absorber 8, the lower portion of which is in direct communication with the upper portion of the boiler I. through a conduit 9.

Partly enclosing the inner tube '2 is arranged a bell-shaped, i. e. open-bottom, thin walled metallic reservoir I0 provided with an ascending 0 pipe II. This pipe opens into a chamber I2 near the top thereof, a pipe I3 connecting the bottom of said chamber with the upper portion of the absorber B. As shown, pipe I3 is, through part ofits length, enclosed by the return pipe 9 so as to forma heat exchanger therewith. Near its top the chamber I2 communicates with the return pipe 9 by means of a vapour discharge pipe I4. Intermediate the exit of pipe I4 and the boiler I, the return pi e 9 is connected with the lower portion of reservoir I0 through a bye-pass I5 fitted with a valve I6.

The aqueous solution of ammonia contained in the boiler I is heated to the required temperature. The ammonia vapours expelled thereby flow through pipe 3 to the condenser l, where they are liquefied. From the condenser, the liquid ammonia flows into thev evaporator 6, where it is again vaporized to produce cold, the vapours being discharged into the absorber 8. t

In the absorber 8, the water is at substantially the same level as in the boiler I. Near the top of the absorber, water is introduced through pipe l3. It is tobe understood that, owing to the generation of the vapour bubbles in the liquor contained in boiler I, said liquor will ascend in pipe H so as to reach the separator l2, in which the water collects near the bottom and the ammonia vapour collects in the upper part. The Water is discharged through pipe l3 and supplied, by its own static pressure, to absorber 8, whereas the vapour is fed, by pipe 14, into the conduit 9 through which the rich liquor from the absorber 8 is returned to the boiler I. Said rich liquor is thus still further concentrated, and part thereof is bye-passed through pipe ii to flow directly into the reservoir I0. As this reservoir is directly heated by the tube 2, a relatively great amount of ammonia vapour is generated therein,

so that the separator I2 may be placed at a considerably higher level than the boiler l and the absorber 8 and a strong liquid circulation brought about.

What I claim is:-

1. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus of the type wherein the refrigerant, in various states of aggregation, performs a cycle through a boiler or gas expeller, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber, a boiler provided with a separate 10 ascending pipe, a vapour separator connected with said pipe, a second pipe connecting said separator with the absorber, the lower end of said ascending pipe opening into a reservoir adapted to be heated and communicating with 15 the boiler and a conduit through which part of the liquor returning from absorber to boiler can be bye-passed to said reservoir.

2. Absorption refrigerating apparatus in accordance with claim 1, in which the vapour space no of said separator is connected with the liquor return pipe at a point before the entry of the said bye-pass.

ALEXANDER BIKIGLRS. 

